How to use mobile payments with AliPay in China as a tourist (since Nov. 2019)

China is known for mobile payments. In 2018, for example, mobile payments accounted for $41 trillion USD in transactions in the country, making it by far the biggest mobile payment market on earth. Most of the day-to-day transactions that locals do these days are done in either AliPay or WeChat Pay, the two dominant mobile pay platforms. For locals, cash is no longer king.
For visitors, it's a different story. It used to be that the only way to use AliPay or WeChat Pay was to have a Chinese bank account, which very few travelers have. So they're effectively barred from using mobile payments in China.
But as of November 5, 2019, foreigners can now use AliPay without a Chinese bank account. I was able to successfully test it now just and it worked for me
I recommend setting up your AliPay before going to China, because part of the set up process requires you to receive SMS text to your phone number, which might be hard after you leave your country
By the way, you can also set up WeChat Pay now without a Chinese bank account. It works slightly differently than AliPay, but I don't recommend it just yet because I found it to be a bit finicky. I was able to link credit cards on there, but then the link would stop working randomly for no apparent reason. So for now I don't recommend WeChat Pay, until they can fix all the bugs. But if you're curious, I've written about how to set up WeChat Pay here

Here's the step-by-step guide on how to set up an AliPay account without a Chinese bank account (takes ~15-25 minutes):

Before you get started, make sure you have three things that are required to set up the AliPay account:
A valid tourist visa to China. The app requires a Chinese visa to load money
A credit card issued by Visa, MasterCard, Diners Club, or JCB
A working phone number that can receive SMS text
Download AliPay app from Google Play Store for Android or Apple App Store for iOS
Open the app and sign up for an account with your phone number. You will receive a SMS text with a verification code that you need to enter to complete the sign up:
Once you've completed the sign up process and logged in, you will land on the main screen. Here, click on the top search bar:
In the search bar on top, search for "TourPass" or "tour pass" (either one's fine). Then click on the top search result, which is a Mini Program called "TourPass". Mini Program are programs that live within AliPay itself that add additional features to AliPay. The TourPass mini program is the feature that allows travelers to load money into AliPay with international credit cards instead of Chinese bank accounts:
On TourPass's main screen, you can choose the amount you want to load. You can currently load up to maximum to ¥2,000 RMB (also called CNY), equivalent to about $285USD:
On the next screen, you need to supply some information, including your nationality, passport number, full legal name as shown on your passport, date of birth, a photo/scan of your valid Chinese visa, and your credit card information:
Once you've entered all the required information, click "Next" and then hit "Confirm & Pay":
If the charge is successful, you will see the amount shown in the may screen of the TourPass mini program
To use the app to make a payment, exit out of TourPass mini program and go back to AliPay's main screen. Here, simply click the "Pay" or "Scan" icon near the top below the search bar:

You should note a few things:
The money you load into AliPay has an expiration date, which is 90 days from the load date. The TourPass mini program shows the exact date on which your funds in AliPay expire. Once it expires, any unused money will be refunded to your credit card
I find the user interface of AliPay to be a little clunky for Western users. Even though the app is in English, a lot of the notifications and graphics are in Chinese. Popups with error messages are also in Chinese, so it's not a super polished experience for international users
WeChat Pay, AliPay's biggest competitor, supposedly also enabled foreign credit card payments. However, I've not been able to set it up yet. So for the time being AliPay is the only way to use Mobile Payments in China, but I'm sure WeChat Pay will roll it out soon.

How to use AliPay at a store:
AliPay can be used in any store in China or outside of China that has this logo:
There are 2 ways to pay, depending on how the store has set it up:

If you see a QR code displayed by the store, then you need to click "Scan" on the main screen of your AliPay app which will use your phone camera to scan the QR code displayed in the store. Once scanned, you enter into your phone the amount you'd like to pay
If the store uses a POS system, it will scan your phone instead of you scanning them. In this case, click "Pay" on the main screen of your AliPay app, and this will bring up a QR code on your phone. Give this QR code to the store and they will scan it to deduct the amount from your account